Paper II · Part B — Chemistry

Fertilizers

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Concept

Fertilizers supply nutrients — mainly nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) — to improve soil fertility and crop yield. They may be natural (manure) or artificial (chemical).

Nitrogenous fertilizers like urea are widely used.

Key Points & Formulas

Primary nutrients: Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K).
Urea is a common nitrogenous fertilizer (high N content).
Natural fertilizers: compost, farmyard manure; improve soil structure.
Over-use of chemical fertilizers can harm soil and water.

Worked Example

Q. Which nutrient does urea mainly supply to crops?

Urea, CO(NH₂)₂, is rich in nitrogen.

It mainly supplies nitrogen, essential for leafy growth.

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Reading the prompt too quickly and missing a qualifier.
Memorising the result without checking when it applies.
Skipping units, signs, chronology or the final reasonableness check.

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Eliminate impossible options before doing full calculation.

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5 NDA questions

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Question 1

NDA I 2026

Which of the following statements is/are correct with regard to Nitrolim?

I. It is prepared by heating calcium carbide with nitrogen.

II. It decomposes into ammonia in soil.

III. It is an NPK fertilizer.

IV. It is an organic fertilizer.

Select the answer using the code given below.

Question 2

NDA II 2024

Which one among the following fertilizers is a source of nitrogen ?

Question 3

NDA I 2022

Which one of the following statements about fertilizers is not correct?

Question 4

NDA II 2018

Which one of the following is not used as fertilizer?

Question 5

NDA I 2026

Superphosphate of lime — a phosphate fertilizer — is obtained by the reaction of

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