Build the idea
Build exam-ready understanding by connecting the core idea, formulas or facts, worked example and previous NDA questions. Focus on why each rule works, then test it under timed conditions.
Concept
Every mass attracts every other mass with a force described by Newton's law of gravitation. Near the Earth this gives a body its weight and a free-fall acceleration g.
Mass is constant; weight depends on g and so varies with location.
Key Points & Formulas
- Gravitational force F = G m₁m₂ / r².
- Weight W = mg; g ≈ 9.8 m/s² near the Earth's surface.
- g is greatest at the poles, least at the equator; decreases with altitude.
- Weight on the Moon ≈ 1/6 of that on the Earth.
Worked Example
Q. A body has mass 10 kg. Find its weight on Earth (g = 9.8 m/s²).
W = mg.
= 10 × 9.8 = 98 N.
