Paper II · Part B — Polity

Constitutional Bodies

Exam-focused notes, visual explanation, traps, revision sheet and every mapped past NDA question.

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Core5 mapped NDA questions

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Build exam-ready understanding by connecting the core idea, formulas or facts, worked example and previous NDA questions. Focus on why each rule works, then test it under timed conditions.

Concept

Constitutional bodies are institutions established directly by the Constitution, with their powers and duties defined therein. They ensure fair governance in their respective fields.

They differ from statutory bodies, which are created by ordinary laws.

Key Points & Formulas

Election Commission: conducts elections (Article 324).
Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG): audits government accounts (Article 148).
Union Public Service Commission (UPSC): conducts central recruitment (Article 315).
Finance Commission: recommends tax-sharing between Centre and States (Article 280).

Worked Example

Q. Which constitutional body conducts elections in India?

Elections to Parliament and state legislatures must be supervised independently.

The Constitution (Article 324) vests this in the Election Commission of India.

It is therefore a constitutional body.

Common traps

Reading the prompt too quickly and missing a qualifier.
Memorising the result without checking when it applies.
Skipping units, signs, chronology or the final reasonableness check.

NDA shortcuts

State the governing rule before substituting values.
Eliminate impossible options before doing full calculation.

One-screen revision sheet

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Core definition
Most-used rule
One representative example

Past-paper bank

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Filter by year

5 NDA questions

Choose an answer before the solution appears. Option order is mixed automatically.

Question 1

NDA I 2024

Which of the following statements with regard to the constitution of Finance Commission is/are correct?
1. The Government of India has recently constituted the Sixteenth Finance Commission under the Chairmanship of Dr. Arvind Panagariya.
2. Finance Commission is constituted in pursuance to Article 263 of the Constitution of India.
Select the answer using the code given below:

Question 2

NDA II 2023

Consider the following statements about Attorney-General in India:\n1. She/he is the first law officer of the Government of India.\n2. She/he has a right to speak in any House of Parliament without any right to vote.\n3. She/he is appointed by the President of India.\n4. She/he is a whole-time counsel for the Government in the court of law.\nHow many of the statements given above is/are correct?

Question 3

NDA I 2022

Who among the following is the Chairperson of the Goods and Services Tax Council?

Question 4

NDA II 2021

Which one of the following statements about the Attorney General of India is not correct?

Question 5

NDA I 2019

An Election Commissioner can be removed from office on the recommendation of

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